Boundary layer studies on rough flat plates under negative pressure gradient

There has been substantial research on boundary layer development on different objects. In this research project velocity distribution and boundary layer generation helps us to design the objects according to the steam lined bodies. Rough flat plate had been used as object in the experiment. It will help the objects to move easily in fluids. For the basic understanding of flow characteristics over a rough flat plate, the experiment was carried out in the laboratory using a low speed wind tunnel. Velocity reading are observed at specified locations over the rough flat plate (wood surface with stacked on different grade emery papers) with a free stream velocity. With the concept of 0.99U (free stream velocity) velocity profile is plotted at location of working sections length in the longitudinal direction .The boundary layer thickness ranges from 1.2mm to 59.2mm is generated for the model of 100cm length. To produce negative pressure in experiment, the flat plate is being inclined. The boundary layer growth gives a brief idea of fluid flow over a flat surface. Comparative study is done between four rough flat plates for better understanding of boundary layer theory. Tabular results of local velocity at every section had discussed here for the laminar to turbulent flow

Implementation of a three-dimensional non-intrusive particle tracking system

A Three-Dimensional Non-Intrusive Particle Tracking System has been developed at NJIT\u27s Particle Technology Center to provide experimental results for validating theories being developed in the field of Particle Technology. The system utilizes the principle of magnetic induction between several high-frequency miniature transmitters mounted inside a sphere and a set of receiving loop antennae mounted outside the experimental apparatus. Basic theories and algorithms for the tracking system have already been developed. The focus of this thesis is to make the tracking system more accurate, reliable and user-friendly and to apply it to the study of vibrated beds and chute flows. Various techniques to reduce errors in solution and to reduce multiple solutions in orientations are discussed and implemented. Some experimental results of tracking in a vibrated bed of particles are also presented

Arabic in Hindustan: Comparative Poetics in the Eighteenth Century and Azad Bilgrami’s The Coral Rosary

This article examines the contributions of Ghulām ʿAlī “Āzād” Bilgrāmī (1704–1786) to our understanding of comparative poetics and Arabic in eighteenth-century Hindustan. It attends to Azad’s oeuvre through the lenses of translation, multilingualism, and literary science. Philological analysis reveals how Azad establishes analogues across these three literary languages that attest to the adaptive capacity of poetics. His sections on Hindi poetry in his Arabic work Subḥat al-marjān fī āthār Hindūstān (The Coral Rosary of Hindustan’s Traditions, 1763–64), and its later adaptation into Persian Ghizlān al-Hind (The Gazelles of India, 1764–65) anchor this study. The essay also establishes a Hindi inspiration for Azad’s Arabic poem Mir‘āt al-Jamāl (The Mirror of Beauty, 1773). By probing the intertextualities within and beyond Azad’s corpus, this study demonstrates how Arabic literary production in Hindustan benefits from a comparative method that accounts for a multilingual milieu. It thus considers the contributions of precolonial Hindi and Persian literatures to a reading of Arabic in Hindustan

Images for Instruction: A Multilingual Illustrated Dictionary in Fifteenth-Century Sultanate India

This article focuses on the Miftāḥ al-Fużalāʾ (Key of the Learned) of Muhammad ibn Muhammad Daʾud Shadiyabadi (ca. 1490). The Miftāḥ is an illustrated dictionary made in the central Indian sultanate of Malwa, based in Mandu. Although the Miftāḥ’s only illustrated copy (British Library Or 3299) contains quadruple the number of illustrations as Mandu’s famed Niʿmatnāmah (Book of Delights) and is a unicum within the arts of the Islamicate and South Asian book, it has received minimal scholarly attention. The definitions in this manuscript encompass nearly every facet of Indo-Islamicate art history. The Miftāḥ provides a vocabulary for subjects including textiles, metalwork, jewelry, arms and armor, architecture, and musical instruments. The information transmitted by the Miftāḥ is not limited to the Persian, Hindavi, Turki, and Arabic language of the text, but also includes the visual knowledge depicted in paintings. Through an analysis of this manuscript as a whole, this study proposes that the Miftāḥ’s manuscript was an object of instruction for younger members of society and utilizes wonder as a didactic tool

Remapping the World in a Fifteenth-Century Cosmography: Genres and Networks Between Deccan India and Iran

This article examines codicological evidence for the presence of an illustrated Persian cosmography (‘ajā’ib al-makhlūqāt) (British Library Add 23564) at the fifteenth-century Bahmani court (1347–1538) of Deccan India. It traces this manuscript's itinerary from the dating of its colophon 1441, to its place in Bahmani Bidar, to a subimperial Mughal library, to its move to ‘Adil Shahi Bijapur in 1618, and finally to its arrival at the British Library in 1860. It argues that distinguishing manuscript genre from textual genre when considering book production over a longue durée enables one to see books more clearly through the lens of their makers and readers. By establishing this cosmography's place in South Asia, this article enables it to be situated within the activity of this manuscript genre throughout the Deccan's early modern period